Equipment inspection

Cranes

Truck crane, crawler, boom truck, tower, overhead, wire rope, rigging, and the setup before the pick. A competent person does the shift inspection.

• Hydraulic truck / all-terrain / rough-terrain craneShift inspection for a telescopic truck crane, all-terrain, or rough-terrain crane. OSHA 1926.1412(d) is the shift visual inspection by a competent person. ASME B30.5 covers these wheel-mounted mobile cranes and calls the daily-to-monthly check a frequent inspection. This is not the monthly inspection in 1926.1412(e) or the annual inspection in 1926.1412(f).
• Crawler craneShift inspection for a crawler crane. ASME B30.5 includes crawler cranes with the other mobile cranes. OSHA 1926.1412(d) is the shift inspection. Lattice-boom anti-two-block rules are in 1926.1416(d)(3)(ii). This is not the monthly or annual inspection.
• Boom truck / knuckle boomASME B30.5 excludes knuckle-boom cranes. Articulating boom cranes are ASME B30.22. A telescopic boom truck that is a wheel-mounted mobile crane stays under ASME B30.5. OSHA 1926.1416(a)(1) says the boom-angle, jib-angle, and boom-length indicator rules in 1926.1416(e)(1) through (e)(3) do not apply to articulating cranes. The shift inspection is still OSHA 1926.1412(d) when this crane is covered equipment.
• Tower craneDaily or shift inspection for a tower crane. ASME B30.3 is the tower crane safety standard. OSHA 1926.1412(d) is the shift visual inspection by a competent person when the crane is covered equipment. This list is not the monthly or annual inspection, and it is not a climb or a jump.
• Overhead / bridge crane and hoistFrequent inspection for an overhead or gantry crane. OSHA 1910.179(j)(1)(ii)(a) defines frequent inspection as daily to monthly. 1910.179(j)(2) lists the items, and it marks operating mechanisms, air or hydraulic leaks, and hooks as daily. ASME B30.2 is the safety standard for top-running overhead and gantry cranes. On a construction site, when the crane is covered equipment, OSHA 1926.1412(d) also requires a competent person to begin the shift inspection. This is not the periodic inspection in 1910.179(j)(3).
• Wire rope inspectionShift look at running and standing wire rope under OSHA 1926.1413(a). A competent person begins it before each shift. Untwisting the rope or booming down is not required for this shift look. Category I, II, and III deficiencies are the ones in 1926.1413(a)(2). The annual inspection of the whole length is 1926.1413(c), by a qualified person. This list is the shift inspection, not that annual inspection. ASME B30.5 is the mobile-crane volume; it does not replace 1926.1413.
• Rigging gearSlings, shackles, hooks, and below-the-hook devices, inspected before use. OSHA 1926.251(a)(1) says inspect rigging equipment before use on each shift and remove defective gear from service. 1926.251(a)(6) says a competent person inspects each sling and its fastenings each day before use. ASME B30.9 is the sling standard, B30.26 is rigging hardware (shackles, links, rings, eyebolts, clips, wedge sockets), and B30.20 is below-the-hook lifting devices. This list does not give a capacity.
• Pre-lift / site setupSetup before the pick. Ground conditions are OSHA 1926.1402. Power lines up to 350 kV are OSHA 1926.1408, including the 20-foot trigger and Table A. Swing-radius hazards are OSHA 1926.1424. A signal person is required in the situations in OSHA 1926.1419(a). The shift inspection of the crane itself is still 1926.1412(d), by a competent person. This page is not a lift plan and it does not approve the lift.

Trucks, equipment, and lifts

Pickups, semis, heavy equipment, aerial lifts, and forklifts.

• Pickup / work truckStart-of-shift check for a jobsite pickup. OSHA 1926.601(b)(14) applies to motor vehicles used on an off-highway jobsite that is not open to public traffic. It does not apply to equipment covered by 1926.602.
• Semi truck (tractor-trailer)Pre-trip and post-trip for a tractor-trailer. 49 CFR 396.13 says be satisfied the vehicle is safe before you drive, and review the last DVIR when one is required. 49 CFR 396.11 names the parts a driver vehicle inspection report covers. Engine, air, and fifth-wheel checks are the CDL pre-trip items that line up with those parts.
• ExcavatorDaily walk-around. OSHA 1926.602(a) covers loaders, crawler or wheel tractors, bulldozers, off-highway trucks, and similar earthmoving equipment: brakes, seat belts, and a working horn. 1926.600(a)(3) says lower or block the bucket when it is not in use, and set the parking brake.
• Wheel loaderDaily walk-around for a wheel loader. OSHA 1926.602(a)(2) seat belts, 1926.602(a)(4) service brakes that can stop and hold the machine loaded, and 1926.602(a)(9) horn and reverse alarm when the rear view is blocked.
• BulldozerDaily walk-around. OSHA 1926.602(a) applies to bulldozers for brakes, seat belts, and a horn kept in working condition. 1926.600(a)(3) says lower or block the blade when it is not in use.
• BackhoeDaily walk-around for a backhoe loader. Treat it as earthmoving equipment under OSHA 1926.602(a) and the general equipment rules in 1926.600. Stabilizers and the hoe boom are manufacturer-manual items.
• Skid steerOSHA 1926.602(a)(1) says specific rules for rubber-tired skid-steer equipment were reserved. Use the manufacturer manual for the daily check. OSHA 1926.600(a)(3) still says lower or block the bucket when it is not in use, controls in neutral, and the parking brake set.
• Dump truckAn off-highway dump truck is earthmoving equipment under OSHA 1926.602(a). A dump truck that runs as a commercial motor vehicle on public roads also follows 49 CFR 396.13 before you drive and 396.11 for the DVIR. This list does not decide which rule fits your truck.
• Boom liftOSHA 1926.453(b)(2) covers extensible and articulating boom platforms. 1926.453(b)(2)(i) says test the lift controls each day before use. ANSI/SAIA A92.22 is the MEWP safe-use standard (pre-start inspection). ANSI/SAIA A92.24 is the training standard. OSHA's rule still points at ANSI A92.2-1969 for the old design rules; it has not adopted A92.22 as a regulation.
• Scissor liftANSI/SAIA A92.22 is the MEWP safe-use standard and calls for the operator's pre-start inspection. OSHA 1926.453 names boom platforms, aerial ladders, and vertical towers; it does not name scissor lifts. Jobs often apply the scaffold rules that start at 1926.451 when a scissor lift is used as a scaffold. Use the rule that fits this machine and this task.
• ForkliftOSHA 1910.178(q)(7): examine the truck before you place it in service. Do that at least daily, and after each shift if it runs around the clock. Do not place it in service if the exam shows a condition that hurts safety. Report and correct defects. OSHA does not require a written form; this one is a way to do the exam. Electric, LP, and diesel trucks add the items for that power.

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